![]() ![]() I hope to provide further support for the claim that infants early affective responsiveness to parental intonation prepares the child for the later linguistic use of intonation to parse the speech stream and understand spoken language. An interdisciplinary approach to the ontogeny of communication, as proposed here, should help to integrate these areas. Traditional conceptual boundaries have separated research in auditory and speech perception, language acquisition, emotional development, and parent-infant social interaction. I want to continue efforts to integrate the study of preverbal communication and language development with the study of perceptual and affective processes in infancy. I will conduct an integrated series of studies with infants and adults to test the following hypotheses: a) The expression of positive affect in mothers' and fathers' speech to infants is associated with elevated pitch and characteristic exaggerated intonation contours b) Young infants are selectively responsive, both behaviorally and psychophysiologically, to these exaggerated pitch contours in parental speech c) The highly modulated, affective pitch contours in parental speech serve to direct the attention of the preverbal infant to objects and events in the environment d) Parents consistently use specific intonation patterns to convey specific affective and pragmatic messages to infants these context-specific affective vocalizations may function as the first units of vocal meaning for the preverbal infant e) The exaggerated, highly affective pitch contours of parental speech ultimately help the infant to associate speech sounds with their referents, facilitating lexical acquisition and language comprehension. Positive affect can be easily induced and may be a lever for increasing liking.The research proposed here focuses on affective processes in the development of preverbal communication and language. Liking for a new system may be key to appropriate reliance, particularly early in the task. Trust predicted reliance later in the task, whereas perceived machine accuracy and user self-perceived accuracy had no significant direct effects on reliance at any time.Īffective influences on automation reliance are demonstrated, suggesting that this decision-making process may be less rational and more emotional than previously acknowledged. Liking was the only variable that significantly predicted reliance early in the task. Happiness significantly increased trust and liking for the system throughout the task. ![]() Participants watched video clips selected to induce positive or negative moods, then interacted with a fictitious automated system on an X-ray screening task At five time points, important variables were assessed including trust, liking, perceived machine accuracy, user self-perceived accuracy, and reliance.These variables, along with propensity to trust machines and state affect, were integrated in a structural equation model. Furthermore, a new affectively laden attitude termed liking is introduced. Drawing from the affect infusion model, significant effects of affect are hypothesized. However, recent work on human decision making suggests that affective variables (i.e., moods and emotions) are also important. Past work has focused predominantly on cognitive and attitudinal variables, such as perceived machine reliability and trust. This study contributes to the literature on automation reliance by illuminating the influences of user moods and emotions on reliance on automated systems. ![]()
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